A white flag with bold black text reading "DESIGN BIENNALE DANTER 2025" waves against a bright blue sky with scattered clouds.

First-Ever Design Biennale Rotterdam Celebrates the City’s Vibrant Design Scene

Words by Paola Carimati

Rotterdam, Netherlands

What’s real is unfamiliar: Why it makes sense to talk about an experimental project in its first edition with a community of 200 talented creatives.

Cultural hybridity, sustainability, and design as a tool for shaping the future—these are the driving forces behind the inaugural edition of Design Biennale Rotterdam, as envisioned by curators Liv Vaisberg and Sarah Schulten. Rooted in the city's industrial past, the festival’s objective is to bridge Rotterdam’s heritage with the evolving landscape of art and design.

Unlike Rotterdam’s world-famous architectural practices OMA, MVRD, and KAAN—whose bold visions have defined the city's skyline—the fact that city’s design scene remains surprisingly underexposed formed the basis for the biannual event’s conception. As its curators explain: “Rotterdam is a city of creators, where a large number of designers produce diverse but rarely showcased work,” adding their desire “to unite this community while also connecting it to a wider international network.”

A white flag with bold black text reading "DESIGN BIENNALE DANTER 2025" waves against a bright blue sky with scattered clouds.

© Design Biennale Rotterdam.

Two women pose in a modern, minimalistic setting; one sits on a metallic bench, dressed in a white shirt and jeans, while the other stands nearby.


Portrait of Liv Vaisberg and Sarah Schulten, curators of Design Biennale Rotterdam 2025. Photography by Michèle Margot.

A lively display of various colorful flags fluttering on poles against a cloudy sky, showcasing cultural diversity and artistic designs.

Over 30 international artists have collaborated with the Belgian transdisciplinary platform 019 to create unique flags, all of which were displayed together at the Vlaggenparade. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

A row of colorful flags flutters in the wind along a city sidewalk, with tall buildings and a street scene in the background.

Over 30 international artists have collaborated with the Belgian transdisciplinary platform 019 to create unique flags, all of which were displayed together at the Vlaggenparade. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

Under the theme “What’s real is unfamiliar”, the inaugural event (20 February – 2 March, 2025) brought together over 200 designers of all ages and nationalities, graduates and students of Design Academy Eindhoven (DAE) and the Willem de Kooning Academie (WDKA). For these creatives, their education was more than just a stepping stone—it was the reason they decided to not return to their home countries after graduating, choosing instead to stay in Rotterdam or move there from Eindhoven. Amidst a mix of emerging names and established figures, the festival’s format demonstrated how a rapidly growing city can still stay attuned to the creative movements bubbling at its foundations. In Northern Europe, the value of collaboration is immediately evident in Rotterdam’s design community which embodies this ethos. As a testament to this dynamic ecosystem, shortly afterwards, some twenty design Rotterdam-based studios temporarily migrated to Brussels for Collectible, the city’s international fair dedicated to contemporary collectible design.

Modern architectural corridor featuring a flowing white canopy, textured glass walls, and a lone figure walking through.

Audiovisual artist and composer Boris Acket presented "Spaces Between Lines", a new site-specific intervention at the Kunsthal. © Ossip.

A group discussion takes place in a wooden room with attendees seated, focusing on speakers at the front near a large window.

Huidenclub. Symposium. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • Interior of a wooden structure featuring artworks promoting the Design Biennale Rotterdam 2025 and an exit sign above wooden flooring.

    Huidenclub. Photo by Michèle Margot.

  • A doorway reveals a spacious room with a giant concrete mug and a table adorned with green grapes and colorful bottles.

    Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • Art installation featuring gray storage containers, a bulletin board with papers, and a green partition in a minimalist white space.

    Exhibition view, "Oh - to be institutionalized" by The Actual Main Institute (TAMI) at Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

The Biennale itself unfolded across several iconic locations, including Groot Handelsgebouw, one of the first major buildings built after the bombing of Rotterdam in the Second World War, which hosted several shows and events. Standout names among these: Austrian designer Laurids Gallée, who unveiled a new series of sculptural lights made out of resin in collaboration with The Collectional in his solo show Cairns; Lisa Brustolin, an Italian designer participating in This Is Us group exhibition with her In Transition bookshelf, an exploration of material transparency; and Antwerp-based Marc Meeuwissen, who presented at the Show Not Show group exhibition his BRUTALISTA 03C chair and MAKE AND BREAK book tables, the former made from industrially lacquered plywood, the latter from cement-bonded fibreboard, both from his Dear Objects collection. At the same venue, Fundamental Eatery, a hybrid restaurant-gallery furnished with works by Maarten Baas offered a synthesis of design and dining.

A modern exhibition space featuring a unique, perforated structure, with "THIS IS US" displayed on the wall above.

Exhibition view, "This Is Us" at Groot Handelsgebouw.

A modern interior with a staircase, illuminated art pieces on the walls, and soft drapes, creating a clean, artistic ambiance.

Laurids Gallée. Exhibition view, "Cairns" at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photograph by Pierre Castignola.

A tall, modern light fixture in soft pink hangs from the ceiling, illuminating a minimalist space with a person admiring it from below.

Laurids Gallée. Exhibition view, "Cairns" at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photograph by Pierre Castignola.

A modern, abstract light fixture featuring pink glass and tubular elements, casting a soft glow against a pale blue wall.

Laurids Gallée, Untitled (detail), 2025. Resin, aluminium, LED, transformer plus housing. 330 x 55 x 59 cm. Photography by Mathijs Labadie.

A modern bookshelf with green transparent shelves and red accents, displaying a green book, set against a bright industrial backdrop.

Lisa Brustolin, Differ Shelf from the “In Transition” collection. Epoxy Resin. H134 x W64 x D36 cm. Photography by Giuliano Lupi.

  • A modern, textured wooden chair with a slanted backrest, painted in a rich reddish-brown hue, set against a simple backdrop.

    Marc Meeuwissen, BRUTALISTA 03C chair, 2024. Constructed from layers, hand-sawn Valchromat, water-based lacquered. D630 x W840 x H680 mm.

  • Three textured red brick-like book ends of varying sizes, displayed on a gray surface, showcasing unique designs and edges.

    Marc Meeuwissen, MAKE AND BREAK book ends, 2024. Constructed from one-piece layers, waterjet cut cement-bonded fiberboard, manually grated, water-based lacquered. Set 2+2. D120 x W70 x H203 mm; D100 x W35 x H103 mm.

A stack of metallic cylindrical tubes forms a modern stool, draped with fabric, against a textured wall with artistic splashes of paint.

Fundamental Eatery at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photography by Show Not Show.

A modern art space featuring a unique pendant light, abstract metallic sculptures, and minimalist furniture in a rustic setting.

Exhibition view, "Show Not Show" at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photography by Show Not Show.

  • A chic, industrial-style interior with modern furniture, unique decor, and artistic wall splashes, creating a cozy dining atmosphere.

    Fundamental Eatery at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photography by Show Not Show.

  • A cozy artistic space featuring unique furniture, candles, and a textured wall with colorful paint splatters, diffusing warm light.

    Fundamental Eatery at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photography by Show Not Show.

  • Modern restaurant interior featuring artistic wall textures, candlelit tables, and minimalist furnishings in a warm, inviting atmosphere.

    Fundamental Eatery at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photography by Show Not Show.

  • A cozy restaurant interior featuring white tablecloths, candles, and textured walls with artistic paint drips and soft drapery.

    Fundamental Eatery at Groot Handelsgebouw. Photography by Show Not Show.

An industrial space features a wooden platform with a suspended orange hand sculpture casting dynamic shadows, surrounded by machinery.

Installation view, "Disco Inferno" by Atelier van Lieshout at Brutus. Photography by Gert Jan van Rooij.

The Biennale also engaged with surrealist influences, as seen in Disco Inferno, an immersive installation by Atelier Van Lieshout (AVL) where sculpture, architecture, and functional objects coexist in a chaotic yet mesmerizing environment. Presented at Brutus, an experimental space founded by artist and AVL founder Joep Van Lieshout, the installation is a labyrinth of countless giant, handmade machines, hybrid engines, sculpures and furniture, set in ever-ending motion. Conceived as an ongoing project, "it will continue for years, decades—maybe even centuries", Van Lieshout says. "As long as we have oil or plastic waste, we can keep dancing on the edge of the volcano.”

An industrial space featuring vintage machinery, a wooden humanoid sculpture, and various metal tanks against a brick wall backdrop.

Installation view, "Disco Inferno" by Atelier van Lieshout at Brutus. Photography by Gert Jan van Rooij.

Industrial machinery in a well-lit workshop, featuring a large press, conveyor belt, and various mechanical components.

Installation view, "Disco Inferno" by Atelier van Lieshout at Brutus. Photography by Gert Jan van Rooij.

A metallic sculpture sits on a wooden platform, framed by a large, industrial press in a workshop filled with tools and machinery.

Installation view, "Disco Inferno" by Atelier van Lieshout at Brutus. Photography by Gert Jan van Rooij.

Another key venue was Katoenhuis, a multidisciplinary hub in the heart of Rotterdam Makers District. Originally built in 1950 as a warehouse, it now serves as a laboratory for materiality, technology, and production. Here, German designer Isabella Gros presented Depressed Furniture, an aluminium lighting collection expressing the emotional weight of depression—each piece embodying a different feeling. Gros' collection was part the group show The Right Questions: Rethinking Creation in the Age of Technology which showcased a diverse eange of technology-driven installations interrogating the evolving nature of manufacturing and design.

A modern star-shaped lamp with a glowing white center and long, slender gray rays, featuring a bright red power cord on a dark surface.

Isabella Gros, "Depressed Furniture" installation of five lamps each representing an emotion that a lot of depressed people can identify with.

A modern, geometric lamp design with a metallic base and round light bulbs, featuring vibrant orange cords against a minimalist backdrop.

Isabella Gros, "Depressed Furniture" installation of five lamps each representing an emotion that a lot of depressed people can identify with.

A stylish floor lamp with a round shade and an orange cord stands next to a metallic cube lamp on a smooth, light-colored floor.

Isabella Gros, "Depressed Furniture" installation of five lamps each representing an emotion that a lot of depressed people can identify with.

An art installation featuring three textured objects resembling umbrellas and a mound of material against a white wall backdrop.

Exhibition view, "Exorcise the Candy House", curated by Wumen Ghua, at Katoenhuis. Photography by Michèle Margot.

An empty, industrial-style room with white walls, featuring a hay bale, a table covered in white cloth, and a small black screen.

Exhibition view, "Exorcise the Candy House", curated by Wumen Ghua, at Katoenhuis. Photography by Michèle Margot.

An art installation features red fabric drapes and a geometric artwork on a white wall, creating a strikingly bold and immersive environment.

Exhibition view, "The Right Questions: Rethinking Creation in the Age of Technology", curated by Wumen Ghua, at Katoenhuis. Featured: "Parabolic Intersects" by Zelt Studio. Photography by Michèle Margot.

An art installation featuring large red fabric structures, illuminated in red light, and a projected video on a wall.

Exhibition view, "The Right Questions: Rethinking Creation in the Age of Technology", curated by Wumen Ghua, at Katoenhuis. Featured: "Parabolic Intersects" by Zelt Studio. Photography by Michèle Margot.

An illuminated panel made of circular lights stands at an open doorway, contrasting with the dark surroundings of an industrial space.

Exhibition view, "The Right Questions: Rethinking Creation in the Age of Technology", curated by Wumen Ghua, at Katoenhuis. Featured: "Tabby" illuminated screen by Rick Tegelaar. Photography by Michèle Margot.

Illuminated wall made of woven light panels, set in a spacious industrial environment with overhead lighting.

Exhibition view, "The Right Questions: Rethinking Creation in the Age of Technology", curated by Wumen Ghua, at Katoenhuis. Featured: "Tabby" illuminated screen by Rick Tegelaar. Photography by Michèle Margot.

Suspended metallic ovals reflect light in a modern glass atrium, creating a serene and artistic atmosphere against a city backdrop.

Installation view, "En el Fondo del Mar" by Pepe Valenti at W70. Chrome plated stainless steel.

Meanwhile, W70, the former headquarters of an insurance company on Weena Street, hosted the Biennale's main show, a group exhibition that explored the intersection of the present and the future in furniture design, with several standout participants. Spanish designer Pepe Valenti presented En el fondo del mar (At the Bottom of the Sea), an installation that recreates the sparkling reflections that emerge when sunlight hits the water from the sea, which he described as “a space of absorption for pure energy, a space to heal surrounded by water, and ongoing currents, a volume radiating ultimate peace.” In Congregation of Mysteries, Italian artist and designer Ginevra Petrozzi burned protective symbols into digital screens. “I am currently exploring mysticism and the occult in contemporary techno-politics,” she explained in addressing how in assuming the role of a ‘digital witch,’ she reclaims the sorceress archetype as both healer and political rebel.

An art display featuring diverse, modern wooden furniture pieces arranged in a spacious, minimalist room with large windows.

Exhibition view, "What's Real is Unfamiliar" at W70, Design Biennale Rotterdam's main show presenting the work of 50 designers. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

  • A wooden chair and modern furniture pieces are arranged in a bright, minimalist room with large windows overlooking a cityscape.

    Exhibition view, "What's Real is Unfamiliar" at W70, Design Biennale Rotterdam's main show presenting the work of 50 designers. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

  • Modern office space featuring a wooden chair, a metallic table, a colorful stool, and a unique floral light fixture near large windows.

    Exhibition view, "What's Real is Unfamiliar" at W70, Design Biennale Rotterdam's main show presenting the work of 50 designers. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

  • An art exhibition showcasing diverse sculptures and installations, including a decorative lamp and an orange shelf with art pieces.

    Exhibition view, "What's Real is Unfamiliar" at W70, Design Biennale Rotterdam's main show presenting the work of 50 designers. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

  • A colorful display features a large turquoise and orange circular cushion, a leopard-print pot, and a striking pendant lamp in an art space.

    Exhibition view, "What's Real is Unfamiliar" at W70, Design Biennale Rotterdam's main show presenting the work of 50 designers. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

  • A minimalist gallery space with diverse contemporary furniture pieces, including chairs and lamps, showcasing natural light and urban views.

    Exhibition view, "What's Real is Unfamiliar" at W70, Design Biennale Rotterdam's main show presenting the work of 50 designers. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

A close-up view of stacked terracotta spheres against a white background, showcasing their textured surface and warm color.

Indefinito, Millebolle modular sofa, 2023. © Indefinito.

An art installation featuring colorful sculptures, a blue container display, and creative lighting in a spacious gallery setting.

Exhibition view, "What's Real is Unfamiliar" at W70, Design Biennale Rotterdam's main show presenting the work of 50 designers. © Design Biennale Rotterdam.

Also at W70, Indefinito, a creative lab founded by Italians Elia Maschio and Giacomo De Paoli, showcased Millebolle, a system of soft, interconnected spheres that challenge conventional design categorization—it’s not a sofa, not a sculpture, but indeed perhaps both. The New Raw, a Rotterdam-based research and design studio run by architects Foteini Setaki and Panos Sakkas that is focused on closing material cycles and strengthening local production also made quite the impression along with Aurelien Veyrat, a French sculptor-designer whose work was also showcased at Rossana Orlandi’s presentation at Nomad St Moritz and at Zaventem Ateliers’ showcase at Collectible Brussels.

Indefinito, Millebolle modular sofa, 2023. © Indefinito.

  • A person lounges on a unique, round-shaped sofa surrounded by a colorful bookshelf and various decorative items.

    Indefinito, Millebolle modular sofa, 2023. © Indefinito.

  • A sofa made of a stack of twelve brown spheres, some tied with blue strings, arranged in a pyramid formation on a white background.

    Indefinito, Millebolle modular sofa, 2023. © Indefinito.

A close-up view of stacked terracotta spheres showcasing their textured surface and warm color.

Indefinito, Millebolle modular sofa, 2023. © Indefinito.

Close-up of a uniquely patterned chest of drawers featuring a mix of red, white, and brown geometric designs on its surface.

Aurelien Veyrat, Aglomera series, AGF_01 sideboard, 2025. Second hand furniture in oak wood, bricks, plaster, leather. 124 x 53 x 143cm. © Aurelien Veyrat.

A modern cabinet with a striking abstract pattern of rusty orange and white stripes, featuring multiple shelves and an open door.

Aurelien Veyrat, Aglomera series, AGF_01 sideboard, 2025. Second hand furniture in oak wood, bricks, plaster, leather. 124 x 53 x 143cm. © Aurelien Veyrat.

Contemporary sculptural furniture in earthy tones displayed on wooden pallets inside a warehouse, with a pallet jack nearby.

The New Raw. Fabrication laboratory, Rotterdam. © The New Raw.

Contemporary sculptural furniture in earthy tones displayed on wooden pallets inside a warehouse, with a pallet jack nearby.

The New Raw. Fabrication laboratory, Rotterdam. © The New Raw.

A collection of sculptural wooden forms in various shapes and textures, displayed on a gray surface against a soft gray backdrop.

Exhibition view, "Brancusi Left Paris" by Giulia Cosenza and Jonas Lutz at Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

A minimalist studio setup featuring a gray backdrop and a table displaying various wooden sculptures against a wooden wall.

Exhibition view, "Brancusi Left Paris" by Giulia Cosenza and Jonas Lutz at Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

At Huidenclub, an experimental space housed in a repurposed industrial building, designers Giulia Cosenza and Jonas Lutz presented Brancusi Left Paris, an homage to the most famous sculptural compositions of all, those of Constantin Brancusi, whose immortal spirit was 'invited' to Rotterdam, 'the city of nonsense' by the designers. “According to Brancusi, ‘the abstract was itself a reality,’” Cosenza explains. “Our work seeks to materialize that philosophy through tactile, evocative compositions."

  • A composition of modern sculptures featuring wood and ceramic forms, including a tall cone topped with a flat wooden piece.

    Exhibition view, "Brancusi Left Paris" by Giulia Cosenza and Jonas Lutz at Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • A composition of modern sculptures featuring wood and ceramic forms, including a tall cone topped with a flat wooden piece.

    Exhibition view, "Brancusi Left Paris" by Giulia Cosenza and Jonas Lutz at Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • A composition of modern sculptures featuring wood and ceramic forms, including a tall cone topped with a flat wooden piece.

    Exhibition view, "Brancusi Left Paris" by Giulia Cosenza and Jonas Lutz at Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • A collection of modern wooden and ceramic sculptures in various shapes and sizes, artfully arranged on a gray background.

    Exhibition view, "Brancusi Left Paris" by Giulia Cosenza and Jonas Lutz at Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

A minimalist art gallery featuring five bronze sculptures on white pedestals, viewed through wooden framing.

Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "Body rest" by Giles Tettey Nartey. Photography by Michèle Margot.

An art gallery featuring a colorful tapestry, sculptures on pallets, and unique chairs under bright overhead lights.

Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "A-Wake for heavenly bodies" by Marcos Kueh and Ritvik Khushu + Funda Baysal; "Frontera" by Ciro Duclos; "Parasitic Factors" by Sai.e Studio. Photography by Michèle Margot.

An art gallery showcasing a minimalist space with two unique chairs and a mirrored wall installation against a white backdrop.

Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "Frontera" by Ciro Duclos; "Parasitic Factors" by Sai.e Studio. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • A circular wall art piece by Alan Hernández featuring spikes, beads, chains, and a small mirror, mounted on a white wall.

    Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "La religión es el opio del pueblo" by Alan Hernández. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • Close-up of a decorative wall hanging featuring intricate golden flora and fauna designs on a dark background, with a sun-like border.

    Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "La religión es el opio del pueblo" by Alan Hernández. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • Two figures stand in a gallery, viewed through a circular mirror, surrounded by textures and patterns, part of an artwork on display.

    Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "La religión es el opio del pueblo" by Alan Hernández. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • Art exhibit featuring two unique vessels on a white pedestal, viewed through an abstract wooden frame.

    Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "Racines" low stool by Kalo Rakoto. Photography by Michèle Margot.

Two artistic chairs, one wood and the other metal, set against a minimalist white wall, accompanied by circular wall decor.

Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "The Parasitic Factors" by Sai.e Studio; "La religión es el opio del pueblo" by Alan Hernández. Photography by Michèle Margot.

Detailed close-up of a wooden chair featuring an aluminum seat with a polished finish, set against a textured wooden floor.

Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "The Parasitic Factors" by Sai.e Studio. Photography by Michèle Margot.

A unique chair features a sculptural wooden frame with a shiny, metallic seat, alongside a matching wooden stool with a metal leg.

Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "The Parasitic Factors" by Sai.e Studio. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • A mirror framed with steel bars reflects colorful artwork in a minimalist gallery space, symbolizing confinement and perception.

    Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "Frontera" by Ciro Duclos. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • A vibrant tapestry depicting a seated figure with a lotus, hung on a white wall, next to a brown sculptural piece on a wooden pallet.

    Exhibition view, "Interstices" at Huidenclub. Featured: "A-Wake for heavenly bodies" by Marcos Kueh and Ritvik Khushu + Funda Baysal. Photography by Michèle Margot.

  • A person in a cozy sweater and brown pants photographs artwork in a spacious gallery with bright overhead lights.

    Huidenclub. Photography by Michèle Margot.

A modern metallic sculpture with pink accents on a white pedestal, set in a minimalist art gallery with large windows.

Exhibition view, "A Promise of Happiness" at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Featured: "Mass" by Odd Matter. Photography by Jeroen Verrecht.

Meanwhile, at Baanhof, a former electricity substation that now houses the studio of interior architect Robert van Oosterom, the exhibition A Promise of Happiness brought together a group of international artists such as Dutch designer Sabine Marcelis, French artist Audrey Large, and Lebanese sculptor Najla El Zein, who work with unconventional materials pushing the boundaries of execution, further reinforcing the event’s global scope.

A glossy blue sculptural vase with abstract forms and handles, displayed under soft lighting on a glass surface.

Exhibition view, "A Promise of Happiness" at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Featured: Sculpture by Audrey Large. Photography by Jerone Verrecht.

A modern interior with a brown leather sofa, unique round table, and stylish chairs, featuring bright blue decor and large windows.

Exhibition view, "A Promise of Happiness" at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Featured designers: Umberto Bellardi RicciMiddernacht & Alexander, and Audrey Large. Photography by Jeroen Verrecht.

“What is real is unfamiliar, is about welcoming the unknown”, Vaisberg and Schulten claim. “It is based on a famous poem from Rotterdam that says when everyone comes from somewhere else, everyone is a stranger. We want to embrace the unknown in every way possible and imaginable”. This theme serves as a lens through which the Biennale explores unfamiliar narratives, materials, and processes. “It challenges participants to consider how crafted works mediate between tradition and innovation,” the curators explained, highlighting an essential tension in contemporary design: balancing technological experimentation with respect for cultural and historical context.

Rotterdam already boasts a dynamic museum ecosystem, with institutions such as Nieuwe Instituut, led by the internationally renowned Aric Chen, as well as Boijmans Van Beuningen and Kunsthal. While commercial galleries remain few and far between, spaces such as Vivid and Spazio Viruly are making an impact. When asked if the city's design scene connects with its architectural identity, their answer is: “They overlap, but not always,” say Vaisberg and Schulten. “People often work in silos, which is why we created the Biennale—to help build connections across disciplines. And it really worked.” We agree.

A collection of metallic sculptures resembling mountains, arranged in a dimly lit industrial space with black curtains in the background.

Exhibition view, "A Promise of Happiness" at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Featured: "Statica" by Frederik Molenschot. Photography by Jerone Verrecht.

  • Three individuals engage in conversation while observing modern sculptures in an art exhibition, with intriguing reflections in the backdrop.

    Opening Night of Design Biennale Rotterdam 2025 at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Photography by Michéle Margot.

  • A crowded art exhibition showcasing abstract sculptures, with visitors engaged and admiring the unique artworks on display.
  • A woman in a maroon coat holds a baby dressed in a blue outfit, surrounded by others in a dimly lit indoor setting.

    Opening Night of Design Biennale Rotterdam 2025 at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Photography by Michéle Margot.

An art gallery filled with visitors admiring contemporary sculptures, featuring various shapes and textures, under warm lighting.

Opening Night of Design Biennale Rotterdam 2025 at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Photography by Michéle Margot.

A dimly lit industrial space with creative metal sculptures on the floor and people engaging in conversation nearby.

Opening Night of Design Biennale Rotterdam 2025 at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Photography by Michéle Margot.

Modern sculptures in a gallery, featuring abstract forms in metal and glass, with soft lighting and a round artwork in the background.

Exhibition view, "A Promise of Happiness" at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Featured designers: Sabine MarcelisUmberto Bellardi RicciSaskia Noor van Imhoff, and Yoon Shun. Photography by Jeroen Verrecht.

Four posters on a brick wall for "A Promise of Happiness" exhibit, showcasing diverse sculptures and design details.

Opening Night of Design Biennale Rotterdam 2025 at Baanhof - Studio Robert van Oosterom. Photography by Michéle Margot.

About our guest contributor Paola Carimati

Architect by training, journalist by profession, she has been intertwining research with design and current affairs since the time of graduation at the Politecnico di Milano. Writing is a practice matured and trained in the field: yesterday, in the editorial staff of Elle Decor Italia, today with important Italian magazines of the groups Editoriale Domus, Il Salone del Mobile, Mondadori and Rcs.